Constrained systems refer to systems or processes that have limitations or restrictions imposed on them, often in the form of constraints or boundaries that must be adhered to in order for the system to function properly. These constraints can be physical, such as limited resources or capacity, or they can be imposed by external factors such as regulations or guidelines. Research in the area of constrained systems examines how these limitations impact the behavior and performance of systems, and how to optimize or manage these constraints to achieve desired outcomes. This research often involves the use of mathematical models, algorithms, and optimization techniques to analyze and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of constrained systems in various fields such as engineering, economics, and logistics. By understanding and effectively managing these constraints, researchers aim to enhance the performance and overall success of complex systems in the face of limited resources or external limitations.